内部资料：中考英语词语解析
baby n.[C]婴儿：His wife had a baby. 他的老婆生了个娃娃。/ Some babies cry during the night. 有的婴儿夜里哭闹。
有时用于名词前作定语，表示小型的或婴儿用的：baby car 汽车 / baby food 婴儿食物
back adv. 1.回：Is the teacher back yet? 经理回来了吗？/ Could I have my pen back, please? 我可以拿回我的笔吗？/ She walked away without looking back. 她头都没回就走了。2.向后：Move back. 向后退。adj.后面的： Have you locked the back door? 你锁好了后门没？n. 1.[C]背后，后部：Let’s go round to the back. 让大家绕到后面去。2.背，后背： I hurt my back. 我弄痛了背部。/ She stood with her back to the window. 她背对着窗子站着。
1.一般不与动词return 连用。2. be back 与 comeback 均可表示“回来”，前者侧重指“回来”的状况，后者侧重指“回来”的动作。
backache n.[C,U]背痛：He is suffering frombackache. 他患背痛。
在美国英语中用作可数名词，在英国英语中用作不可数名词。
bad adj. 1.坏的，不好的： He came at a bad time. 他来的不是时候。/I have some bad news for you, I’m afraid. 恐怕我给你带来了不好的消息。2.有害的，不利的：It’s bad for your eyes. 对你的双眼有害。/ Smoking is bad for your health. 抽烟对你的健康有害。3.紧急的：He has got a bad cold. 他患了重感冒。4.腐烂的，变质的：Smell this meat—I think it’s gone bad. 闻闻这块肉，我看是变坏了。5.拙劣的：She is bad cook. 她做菜做得不好。
为不规则形容词，其比较级和最高级分别为worse和worst：I'm worse at maths than John. 我的数学不如约翰好。
badly adv. 坏，恶劣地；很：She did badly in the exams. 她考试成绩非常糟。/ He behaved badly. 他表现非常坏。/ He wants to go abroad badly. 他很想出国。/ I wanted the book badly. 我很想要这本书。
1.为不规则副词，其比较级和最高级分别为worse和worst：He did worse than you. 他比你做得更糟。2.一般坐落于动词之后可句末，但在被动语态中可坐落于过去分词之前：His foot was badly hurt. 他的脚伤得厉害。
bag n.[C]书包，提包，袋子：Whose bag is this? 这是哪个的书包? / The bag is full. 这袋子是满的。/ I carried the food home in a shopping bag. 我把食物装在购物袋里拿回家了。
不少学生觉得 bag 只表示“书包”，这是一种误解，其实它的准确含义是指用比较软的材料做成的、其上端一般有个开口的“包”或“袋”：a traveling bag 旅游袋 / a tool bag 工具袋
ball n. 1.[C]球，球形物：kick a ball with one's foot 用脚踢足球 / miss a ball 没接住或没击中球 / pass[throw] the ball to sb 把球传给某人 / The earth is like a ball. 地球是个球状物。2.[C]舞会： How did you enjoy the ball ? 你在舞会上玩得愉快吗？
banana n.[C]香蕉：Do you like bananas? 你喜欢香蕉吗？
1.是可数名词：a banana 一根香蕉 / three bananas 三根得蕉。2.要表示香蕉的“一串”或“一簇”等，一般用单位词hand, bunch, cluster等：a hand of bananas 一串香蕉 / a bunch of 16 bananas一簇16只的香蕉
bang interj. 砰：Bang! Another firework flew into the air. 砰！又一枚烟火飞向天空。n. 1.[C]砰的一声：The balloon burst with a bang. 气球砰的一声破了。/ The door shut with a bang. 门砰然一声关上了。2.猛击：He fell down and got a bang on the head.他摔了一跤。头砰的撞了一下。v. 1.猛敲，猛撞：They were banging on the door with their fists. 他们用拳头砰砰地猛敲门。2.砰然关上：Don’t bang the door.不要砰然关门。
bank n. 1.[C]岸，堤：We walked along the river bank. 大家沿着河岸行走。2.[C]银行：He works in a bank. 他在一家银行工作。
bark vi.狗叫：The dog always barks at the postman. 这只狗老朝着邮递员叫。n.[C]狗叫声：The dog has a very loud bark. 这条狗叫声非常大。
base n. 1.[C] 底部，根基，基座：This vase falls a lot because the base is too small. 花瓶的底部太小，所以常常翻倒。vt.以…为基础：One should always base one's opinions on facts. 建议应以事实为依据。
用作动词，是及物动词，一般在宾语后用介词on表示依据的东西，有时用被动语态：The book is based on a true story. 这本书是以一个真实故事为基础写成的。
baseball n. 1.[U] 棒球：We went to see a baseball game. 大家去看棒球比赛。2.[C]棒球赛所用的球：This is a baseball. 这是棒球。
作为一项运动，baseball是不可数名词，不需要复数，也不连用不定冠词：baseball is the national game of the US. 棒球运动是美国全民性的运动。比较：a baseball team 棒球队，其中的不定冠词不是修饰baseball，而是修饰team。
BASIC n.[U]新手通用指令码
basic adj. 基本的，根本的，简单的：These are the basic rules of driving. 这是驾驶的基本规则。/ He has a basic understanding of the problem. 他对于这个问题有基本的认知。
basket n..[C]篮子：a shopping basket 购物篮 /a basket of eggs 一篮鸡蛋 / The basket was full of flowers. 那篮子装满了花。
basketball n.[U]篮球：We play basketball every day. 大家天天打篮球。2.[C]篮球赛所用的球：He bought a basketball. 他买了一个篮球。
作为一项运动，basketball是不可数名词，不需要复数，也不连用不定冠词：Basketball is my favorite game. 篮球是我最喜欢的体育项目。
bath n. 1.[C]洗澡：I took a hot bath last night. 我昨天晚上洗了个热水澡。2.[C]浴室，澡盆：Is the bath clean? 浴缸干净吗？
bathroom n.[C]浴室，盥洗室：She went to the bathroom for a shower. 她到浴室淋浴去了。/ Is there a bathroom in this restaurant? 饭店内有洗手间吗?
BC n. 公元前：Rome was founded in 753 BC. 罗马打造于公元前753年。
BC一般应置于年代之后，而不置于年代之前，如“公元前225年”应说成225 BC，而不BC 225。
be vi. 1.是，成为：It will be fine tomorrow. 明天会天晴。/ What are you going to be when you grow up? 你长大后想做什么？ 2.：This can be discussed later. 这可以将来再讨论。/ He must be sleeping now. 他目前肯定在睡觉。
依据不一样的人称和时态，be可以有am, is, are, was, were, being, been 等形式：I’m old. 我老了。/ He is tired. 他累了。/ The thief was caught. 小偷被抓住了。/ All the work has been finished. 所有些工作都已完成了。
beach n..[C]海滨，海滩：They went down to the beach for a swim. 他们去海滩游泳。/ The children were playing on the beach. 孩子们正在海滩玩耍。
1.表示“在海滨”或“在海滩上”，一般用介词on，有时也用介词at：We spent the whole afternoon on[at] the beach.大家整个下午都在海滩上度过。
bear n.[C]熊：a brown bear 棕熊 / Bears hibernate during the winter. 熊在冬天冬眠。
beast n.[C]野兽，牲畜：the king of beasts百兽之王 / beasts and birds 鸟畜 / man and beast 人畜 / You beast! 你这个畜生！
beat v. 1.敲打：Waves are beating the rocks. 波浪拍打着岩石。2.跳动：My heart beat fast at the sight of him. 一看见他，我的心跳就加快。3.打赢，打败：You beat me in physics. 你物理学得比我强。n.1.[C]敲打，敲击声，跳动：Can’t you hear the beat of my heart? 你听不见我心脏跳动的声音吗？2.[C]节拍：Keep in time with the beat of the music. 合着音乐的节拍。
Beatles n.甲壳虫乐队，披头士乐队
甲壳虫乐队是20世纪五六十年代英语利物浦一支四人组成的时尚音乐乐队，于1962年初次取得国际声誉，曾盛行一时，1970年解散。
其前一般与定冠词。
beautiful adj. 美的，漂亮的，美观的：What a beautiful day. 天气真好。/ Look at that girl! Isn’t she beautiful? 看看那个女生，非常漂亮吧？/
主要用来形容女人，一般不需要于男士，但可用来形容孩子或事物。
because conj. 由于：I went to bed early because I was tired. 我由于疲倦所以提早睡。/ They didn’t go for a walk because it was raining. 由于下着雨，所以他们没出去散步。/ I do it because I like it. 我如此做是由于我喜欢如此做。/ I came back because of the rain. 由于下雨我回来了。
because of 由于：He couldn't come because of illness. 他因病不可以来。
because, since, as与for：1. because 可用来回答why提出的问题；而其余三者则不可以。2. because 表示的是势必的因果关系，语气最强，一般放在主句之后，若需强调则放在主句之前；since和as所表示是什么原因一般是大家已知的，是对已知事实提供理由，而不表示直接缘由，它们引导的从句一般放在主句之前，有时也放在主句之后。至于 for，它是并列连词，它有时可表示因果关系，有时表示对前面分句内容的讲解或判断，一直放在主句之后。
1.汉语习惯上说“由于…所以…”，但在英语里却不可以将 so与because 连用，如“由于下雨，所以大家呆在家”不可以译为Because it was raining, so we stayed at home，而应译为 Because it was raining, we stayed at home.或 It was raining, so we stayed at home. 2. because是连词，后接句子，而because of是复合介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，不过有时也接what引导的句子：He knew she was crying because of what he had said. 他了解她哭是由于他说的话。
become v. 1.变得，成为：The room soon became crowded. 房间非常快变得拥挤起来。/ The weather became warmer. 天气变暖和了。/ She wants to become a doctor. 她想成为大夫。2.合适，与…相称：That dress becomes you. 那件衣服非常合你身。
become of 发生，遭遇：What has become of the girl? 这个女生后来如何了?
1.表示“变成”、“成为”时是作连系动词，其后接名词、形容词等作表语。2.是终止性动词，要表示“成为…有多久”，它不可以与表示一段时间的词或短语连用。如“他
bed n.[C,U]床：We need another bed. 大家还需要一张床。/ I like reading in bed. 我喜欢躺在床上看书。2.[U]睡觉：It’s time for bed. 是睡觉的时候了。
1. go to bed 上床睡觉：He goes to bed at nine. 他九点上床睡觉。2. in bed 在床上：He is still in bed. 他还在睡觉。3. put sb to bed 安顿某人上床睡觉：I'll just put the children to bed. 我就安顿孩子们去睡觉。
1.其前是不是用冠词一般与其含义有关：一般说来，表示“床”时，一般用冠词或其他限定词；表示“睡觉”时，一般不需要冠词或其它限定词，表示反之则用：He went to bed at 9 last night. 他昨晚9点上床睡觉。/ He went to the bed and found a letter on it. 他走到床边,发现上面放着一封信。/He sat by the bed, watching TV. 他坐在床边看电视。2.与介词in连用时一般不需要冠词，而与介词on连用时则一般要有冠词：It is a bad habit to read in bed[on the bed].躺在床上看书是个不好的习惯。
bedroom n.[C]寝室，卧室：The house has two bedrooms. 这所房屋有两间卧室。/ You can sleep in the spare bedroom. 你可以在那间空置的卧室里睡。
bee n.[C]蜜蜂：as busy as a bee 非常忙 / I’d like to keep bees. 我想养蜂。
beef n. 1.[U]牛肉：beef steak 牛排 / Which do you like better, beef or pork? 你喜欢吃牛肉还是猪肉？
beeper n.[C] 袖珍无线电传呼机，电话呼叫器
beer n.[U,C]啤酒：She drank two glasses of beer. 她喝了两杯啤酒。/ Would you like a beer? 你需不需要喝杯啤酒？
1.作为物质名词，不可数；若指一杯啤酒，则为可数名词：We had several beers. 大家喝了好几杯啤酒。/ Three beers, please. 请来三杯啤酒。2.说two glasses of beer，意思非常了解，它指“两杯啤酒”；若说two beers，在没特定的上下文时，其含义是不确定的，可指“两杯啤酒”，也可指“两瓶啤酒”或“两种啤酒”。
before prep.在…以前；在…前面：He stood before me. 他站在我前面。/ I’ll be back before ten o’clock. 我会在10点之前回来。 /Your name is before mine on the list. 在名单上你的名字在我的名字前面。/ Take the medicine before bedtime. 这药在睡觉之前吃。 adv.以前：Why didn’t you tell me before? 为何你以前不告诉我呢？/ He had never been to
1.用作介词表示时间时，其后只能接一点时间，而不可以接一段时间：I'll be back before five. 我五点前回来。2.用作连词引导时间状语从句时，从句要用一般目前时表示以后，而不可以直接用以后时态：We'll leave here before he comes back. 在他回来之前大家要离开这儿。
beg v. 请求，乞求，乞讨：I must beg you to come over here. 请你过来一下。/ I beg your pardon. I picked up your bag by mistake. 对不起，我误拿了你的提包。/ He was so poor that he had to beg for his meals. 他那样穷，只好讨饭吃。
其后可接不定式或不定式的复合结构，但不接动名词：He begged to stay. 他请求留下。/ She begged me not to tell her parents. 她求我不要告诉她的爸爸妈妈。
begin v. 开始，着手：Tell me when to begin. 告诉我什么时间开始。/ He is going to begin a new business. 他将拓展新事业。/ Are you ready? OK. Let’s begin. 你筹备好了吗？好，开始吧。/ She began learning English five years ago. 五年前她开始学英语。/ He has begun on a new book. 他开始读一本新书。
1.是终止性动词，因此不可以与一段时间连用，如“电影开始5分钟了”不可以译为The film has begun for 5 minutes，可译为The film has been on for 5 minutes。2.一般不需要于进行时态，有时用于进行时态，表示“慢慢”、“渐渐”、“正要”：I am glad you are beginning to see it. 我非常高兴你慢慢认识到了这一点。3.其后接不定式或动名词均可，含义基本相同：She began to cry[crying]. 她开始哭起来。但，当begin 本身是-ing形式时，则只能接不定式：I'm beginning to cook the dinner. 我正要开始做饭。另外，若后接表示心理活动的动词，也只可以用不定式：He began to like poetry when he was a boy. 他还是孩子时就开始喜欢诗歌。
beginning n.[C]开始，开端：I’ve read the article from beginning to end. 我将文章从头至尾读了一次。/ He arrived at the beginning of the lunch hour. 午饭开始时他就到了。/ A good beginning makes a good ending.有好的开始才有好的结果。/ This will be a new beginning for me. 这对我将是一个新的开始。
behind prep.落后，在…后面：She sat behind me. 她坐在我后面。/ The train is ten minutes behind the schedule. 火车较预定的时间晚了10分钟。/ He was behind others in his studies. 在学习上他比其他人落后了。/ Close the door behind you. 随手把门关上。adv.在后面，向后，留在原处：I’ll go first and you come behind. 我先走，你随后来。/ He came ten minutes behind. 他迟到了十分钟。/ Oh no! I’ve left the tickets behind . 天呀！我把票落在家了。
believe v. 相信，觉得：I don’t believe your story at all. 我一点也不相信你的话。/ You can’t believe anything she says. 你不可以相信她说的什么事情。/ I believe him to be honest. 我觉得他是诚实的。
believe sb与believe in sb：前者指相信某人的话；后者指信赖某人的为人：I can believe him, but I can not believe in him. 我相信他说的话是真的，但不相信他的为人。
1.后接否定的宾语从句时，一般将否定转移到主句上：I don't believe that he will come. 我相信他不会来。2.在简略答语中，一般不单独用 believe，而用 I believe so或I don't believe so. / I believe not.，其意为“我相信这样”、“我相信不会这样”。
bell n.[C]钟，铃，钟声： There’s the bell. 门铃响了。/ Ring the bell and see if they’re in. 按一下门铃，看他们在不在。
below prep.在…下面：Do not write below this line. 不要在这条线下面写字。/ The temperature is below freezing. 气温在零度以下。/ His overcoat came below his knees. 他的大衣垂到他膝盖以下。adv.在下面，在下方：The garden lies below. 花园在下面。
below与under：1.若表示正下方，两者均可用：Look in the box below[under] the desk. 到桌下面的盒子里找一找。2.若不是表示正下方，则只可以用below：From the TOP of the hill we could see a lake below us. 大家从山顶可以看到山脚下的湖。3.表示在某物的底部时，要用under，不需要below：I have a sore under my foot. 我脚掌痛。
1.反义词是above：Is it above or below? 它在上面还是在下面? 2.用作副词时，除可用作状语或表语外，还可用于名词后作定语：Write your name in the place below. 把你的名字写在下面的空格处。
Berlin n.柏林：Have you been to Berlin? 你去柏林吗？
柏林为欧洲著名城市，1945年前为德国首都，二次世界大战后分为东柏林和西柏林，1990年东西德统一后重为德国首都。
beside prep. 在…旁边，挨近：Come and sit beside me. 过来坐在我的旁边。/ Grass grows beside the fence. 篱笆旁长着青草。
besides prep. 1.除…以外：I have a few friends besides you. 除你以外，我还有几个朋友。2.除…以外：I don’t care for anything besides this. 此外，我不再要别的了。adv. 还有，除此之外：I met some friends and other people besides. 我遇到了几个朋友，还有别的人。
best adj.最好的：She is my best teacher. 她是我最好的老师。adv.最好地，最：Which picture do you like best? 你最喜欢哪幅画？ /Tuesday would suit me best. 星期二对我比较合适。
better adj.较好的，更好的：This dictionary is better than that one. 这本字典比那本好。/ Jack was ill but he’s better now. 杰克病了，但目前好些了。/ Better late than never. 晚干也比不干好。ad.更好地，更，更多：She knows the story better than anyone else. 她比其他其他人都更知道这件事。
had better do 应该，最好：You had better leave early. 你最好早点动身。
between prep. 在…之间：I was sitting between Anne and Derek. 我坐在安妮和德里克之间。/ It happened between five and six o’clock in the morning. 这事发生在早晨五点至六点之间。/ There is a railway between these two cities. 在这两座城市之间有铁路。
among 与 between：1. among 一般用于三者或三者以上的“在…中间”，其宾语一般是一个表示笼统数目或具备复数意义的名词或代词：They hid themselves among the trees. 他们躲在树林中。2. between 一般指两者之间，其宾语总是是表示两者的名词或代词，或者是由 and 连接的两个人或物：There was a fight between the two boys. 这两个孩子打过一次架。3.两个以上的人或物用 and 连接时，也用between：between Jim, Jack and Mike在吉姆、杰克和迈克之间
bicycle n.[C]自行车
big adj. 1.大的：The elephant is the biggest animal in the zoo. 大象是动物园中体形最大的动物。/This dress is too big for me. 这件连衣裙我穿太大了。2.要紧的：I think you’ve made a big mistake. 我想你有一个大错误。/ It’s going to be a really big party. 这将是一个真的要紧的晚会。
bike n. [C]自行车：She is learning to ride a bike. 她在学骑自行车。/ He goes to school on a bike[by bike]. 他骑自行车上学。
bill n. 1.[C]账单：I’ll pay the bill. 我来付账。/ After the meal I asked for the bill. 饭后我要账单付款。2.[C]钞票，纸币：a five-dollar bill 一张五元的钞票 / She paid with a $100 bill. 她用一张一百USD的钞票付钱。
表示付某物的账单或票据与账单的数额等，其后一般接介词for：The bill for the repairs comes to 500 pounds. 维修费一共 500英镑。/The shop sent me a bill for $200. 商店给我送来了一张200元的账单。
billion num.[C]十亿
1.与具体数字连用时，不需要复数：three billion 30亿 2.笼统地表示几十亿时，要用复数，且接介词of：billions of stars 数十亿的星星
biology n.[U]生物：In biology we study plants and animals. 生物学研究植物和动物。/ In the biology class students looked at leaves under a microscope. 上生物学课时，学生们用显微镜看叶子。
bird n.[C]鸟：Most birds can fly. 鸟类大多能飞。/ This way I’m killing two birds with one stone. 如此我就可一石二鸟。/ A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。
birthday n.[C]过生日：Happy birthday! 过生日快乐！/ a birthday party 过生日聚会 / What do you want for your birthday? 你过生日想要什么？/ My birthday’sNovember 15th. 我的过生日在
1.表示多大了的“过生日”，要用序数词而不需要基数词：Today is my grandfather's sixtieth birthday. 今天是我爷爷的60大寿。2.一般用于祝贺过生日的用语：Happy birthday to you. 祝你过生日快乐。/ Many happy returns of your birthday. 祝你长寿。/ Many happy returns of the day. 祝你长寿。
bit n.[C]一点，一些，少量的：Could you give me a bit of advice? 你能否给我一点建议？/ The floor was covered in bits of paper. 地板上覆盖着碎纸片。/ We need a bit of good luck. 大家需要一点好运。/ I’m a bit tired. 我有点累。
a bit与a little：1.两者都可修饰形容词及其比较级，且含义相同：He is a bit[a little] tired. 他有点儿累了。/ He's feeling a bit[a little] better. 他感觉好些了。2.在否定结构中，两者意思完全不同——not a bit 表示“一点也不”，not a little表示“非常”或“很”：He is not a bit worried. 他一点也不着急。/ He was not a little angry. 他很生气。
black n. 1.[U]黑色，黑衣：The color of my car is black. 我的车是黑色的。/ After her husband died, she dressed in black for a year. 她在老公过世后穿了一年黑色丧服。2.[C]黑人：There were both blacks and whites at the meeting. 参加会议的有黑人也有白人。adj. 黑色的： She wore a black dress today. 她今天穿了一件黑色连衣裙。/ We have a black and white TV. 大家有一台黑白电视。
blackboard n.[C]黑板：Our teacher wrote on the blackboard. 大家老师在黑板上写字。/ Look at the blackboard, please. 请看黑板。
bleat vi.哞哞叫，咩咩叫，低声抱怨 n.[C]叫声
bleed vi. 出血，流血：His nose bled last night. 昨晚他的鼻子流血了。/ He was bleeding to death. 他流血过多，快要去世了。
blind adj. 瞎的：He is blind in one eye. 他一只眼瞎了。/ She had been blind from birth. 她天生眼瞎。
表示“眼瞎”这一意义时，英语习惯上不以双眼作主语，而以人或动物作主语，并在blind之后用介词 in或of，如不说His eyes are blind，而说He is blind in[of] both eyes.他双目失明。
blood n.[U]1.血，血液：Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。/ She has lost a lot of blood, and was very weak. 她失了不少血，很虚弱。
blouse n..[C]短上衣，女衬衣：She was wearing a black skirt and a white blouse. 她穿了一条黑裙子和一件白衬衣。
blow n.[C]击，打击：I got such a blow that I fell down. 我被重重的一击而倒下。/ The news was a terrible blow to us all. 这消息对大家大伙是一个可怕的打击。v. 吹，刮风，吹气：She blew on her coffee to cool it down. 她把咖啡吹凉。/ The wind blew my hat off. 风把我的帽子刮走了。/ Take a deep breath and then blow. 深呼吸。
blue n.[C,U]蓝色：I’d like some curtains with some blue in them. 我想要几块带点儿蓝色的窗帘。/ These two blues are quite different. 这两种蓝色非常不同。adj. 1.蓝色的：She has blue eyes. 她的双眼是蓝色。/ She wore a light blue dress. 她穿了一件浅蓝色衣服。2.发青的，没血色的：Her hands were blue with cold. 她的双手冻得发青。
汉语中的“黄色电影”，说成英语不是yellow films，而是blue films，由于blue可表示“下流的”，又如：He made a blue joke. 他开了个下流的玩笑。
boat n.1.[C]小船，小舟：We are going by boat. 大家乘船去。/ We went fishing on the river in a boat. 大家乘小船到河上去钩鱼。/ Why don’t we have the party on the boat? 大家何不在船上开晚会？2.[C]船，轮船：He went to England by boat. 他坐船去伦敦。
boat 与 ship：boat一般指小船或小舟，而ship则指大轮船，不过在口语中，boat 也可以指大客轮。另外，指大军舰时，一直用 ship。
boating n.[U]划船，泛舟：They've gone to the
body n. 1.[C]身体： He has a strong body. 他的身体强壮有力。/ We wear clothes to keep our bodies warm. 大家着装以维持身体温暖。 2.[C]尸体：A man’s body was found in the woods this morning.今天早上这个树林里发现了一具男尸。3.[C]主体部分：We sat in the body of the hall. 大家坐在大厅中间。
body表示“身体”与汉语的“身体”并不完全同义，注意两点：1.若指相对于精神的身体，可用body来表示：I'm healthy in body and mind. 我身心健康。2.如果是侧重指躯体的身体，也可用body：Its body is covered by hair. 它全身都是毛。3.如果是指健康情况的“身体”，则一般不需要 body，可用 health 或healthy，如“他身体健康”就不可以译为His body is good. 或His body is healthy.可译为He is in good health.或He is healthy.
bone n.[C]骨头，刺：This fish has got a lot of bones in it. 这种鱼的鱼刺不少。
book n. 1.[C]书，本子：He is reading a book in his room. 他在房间里看书。/ He opened the telephone book on the table. 他打开桌上的电话薄。2.[C]卷，篇：Book 1 第I卷 v. 预定，定：I’ve booked a table for two. 我预约了一张两个座位的餐桌。/ I’ve booked a hotel room for you. 我给你在一家旅馆订了房间。/ Can I bookthrough to
bookmark n.[C]书签：It is used as a bookmark. 它用作书签。
bookshelf n.[C]书架：Put this back on the bookshelf. 把这放回书架上。
bookshop n.[C]书店：Is there a bookshop near here? 这附近有书店吗？
bookstore n.[C]书店
bookstore与bookshop：两者含义相同，均指“书店”，但前者为美国英语，后者为英国英语。
boot n.[C]长统靴，靴：a pair of boots 一双长筒靴 /I usually wear boots in the winter. 我冬季常常穿长筒靴。
boring adj. 乏味的，无聊的：The movie was boring. 这电影非常乏味。/ He is so boring; he never says anything interesting but talks a lot. 他太烦人了；他从来不说有意思的事，但一说起话来就没个完。
born v.出生：The baby was born at 8 o’clock. 这婴儿是八点钟生的。adj. 1.天生的：She is a born poet. 她是个天生的诗人。
用作动词bear的过去分词时，一直用于be born结构；表示“天生的”时，只用于名词前作定语，不需要作表语。
borrow v.借用，借：May I borrow your dictionary? 我可以借用你的词典吗? / Some people neither borrow nor lend. 有些人既不借也不贷。/ He borrowed my football for the afternoon. 他把我的足球借了一下午。
1.要表示向某人借某物，一般用borrow sth from sb，而不需要borrow sb sth 。2.汉语中的“借用”，未必都可用 borrow 来表示。一般说来，borrow 只表示借用那些可以带走的东西，而对于那些不可以带走的东西则宜用use：May I use your telephone? 我可借用一下你的电话吗? 但有时两者都可用：Can I borrow[use] your car on Sunday? 星期六我可以用你的车吗?
boss n.[C] 领班，老板：I’m going to ask the boss for a day off work. 我要向老板请一天假。
both adj. 两者的，双方的，两个的：Both friends arrived at the same time. 两个朋友同时到了。/ I want bothbooks. 两本书我都想要。/ Both my children go to college. 我两个孩子都上大学。/There are shops on both sides of the street. 街的两边都有商店。pron. 两者，双方：Both are good. 二者都好。/ Both of the brothers are honest. 兄弟两个都诚实。/ Both of the flowers are very beautiful. 那两朵花都非常漂亮。conj.…和…都：Both you and I were wrong.你和我都错了。
1.与定冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格等连用时，both应置于其前，而不可以置于其后，并且一般还可以在它们之间用介词of：boththe brothers 兄弟两个 / bothmy children 我的两个孩子 2.在 both 后接名词时用不需要定冠词均可，但在 both of 后接名词时，该名词需要有定冠词或其他表特指的限定语。3.与动词be、情态动词、助动词等连用时，一般置于其后，但应置于实义动词之前：My parents are both doctors. 我爸爸妈妈都是大夫。/ Her parents both work in the bank. 她的爸爸妈妈都在银行工作。4. both 与 not 连用，一般表示部分否定：Not both the boys were ill./Both the boys were not ill. 并非两个孩子都病了。5. both…and…一般要连接对等的词或短语。6. both…and…的否定式是 neither…nor…或 not either…or：I like both English and French. 我喜欢英语和法语。/ I like neither English nor French. 我既不喜欢英语也不喜欢法语。/ I don’t like either English or French. 我既不喜欢英语也不喜欢法语。
bottle n.[C] 瓶子 ：He took the empty bottles back to the shop. 他把空瓶送回店里。/ He drank two bottles of beer. 他喝了两瓶啤酒。/ The doctor gave me a bottle of medicine. 大夫给了我一瓶药。
bowl n.[C]碗：He handed her a bowl of soup. 他递给了她一碗汤。/ She filled the bowl with rice. 她在碗里装满了饭。/ She ate two bowls of rice. 她吃了两碗饭。
box n.[C]盒子，箱子：I put my books in a box. 我把我的书放在箱子里。/ Please open the box. 请把这个盒子打开。
boxing n.[U] 拳击：Do you like boxing? 你喜欢拳击吗？
boy n.[C] 男生：When he was a boy, he loved sports. 他小时候喜欢体育运动。/ Our new baby is a boy. 大家新生的婴儿是个男生。
Brazil n.巴西：He has gone to Brazil. 他已去了巴西。
brave adj. 勇敢的：Be brave! 勇敢些! / They're brave soldiers. 他们是勇敢的士兵。
It is brave of sb to do sth 是一个有用表达，注意其中的of不可以换成for：It was brave of you to do so. 你这样做真勇敢。也可说成You were brave to do so.
bread n.[U] 面包：I don't like bread. 我不喜欢吃面包。/ Would you like some bread and butter? 你需不需要黄油面包？/ We had bread and cheese for lunch. 大家午饭吃了干酪面包。
一般为不可数名词，要表示相应的数目，借用 piece, loaf, slice等：a piece of bread 一块面包 / two loaves of bread 两块面包
break n.[C]1.间隙，空隙：There is a break in the water pipe. 水管有一处破裂。2.[C]休息时间：Let’s take a ten-minute break. 大家休息10 分钟吧。v. 1.打破，损毁，撕开：I dropped my cup and it broke. 我把杯子掉在地上打碎了。/ They broke the vase to pieces. 他们把花瓶打碎了。/ I broke my watch when I fell over. 我跌倒时摔坏了手表。2.冲破，闯进：They broke though the enemy lines.他们冲破了敌人的阵线。3.破坏，违反：He never breaks his promise. 他从不违背诺言。
1. break down 抛锚，出问题：The car broke down on the way home. 汽车在回家的路上抛锚了。2. break in强行闯入：Thieves broke in last night and stole the jewelry. 昨晚小偷闯了进去，偷走了珠宝。4. break into强行闯入，忽然…起来：The thieves planned to break into a bank. 这类小偷计划闯银行。/ Hearing the news, she broke into tears. 听到这个消息，她就哭了起来。
breakfast n.[C,U] 早餐：What did you have for breakfast? 你早餐吃了些什么？/ She likes eggs for breakfast. 她早餐喜欢吃鸡蛋。/At what time do you have breakfast? 你什么时间吃早饭？
1.泛指一般意义的“早餐”时，其前不需要冠词：We usually have breakfast at 7 o’clock. 大家一般七点钟吃早餐。2.若特指某一顿“早餐”，则可在其前加定冠词或其他限定词：Thank you for the breakfast. 谢谢你的这顿早餐。/ After that breakfast, I never saw her again. 吃了那顿早餐后，我就再没看到过她。3.若遭到形容词的修饰，其前一般要用不定冠词：After a quick breakfast, he hurried to the station. 匆匆忙忙吃完早餐，他就赶到车站去了。4.表示“吃早餐”，动词一般用 have，较少用take 或eat。5. at breakfast 与 for breakfast：前者表示在吃早餐，后者表示为早餐：I was at breakfast when he came. 他来时我正在吃早餐。/ I have an egg for breakfast. 我早餐吃一只鸡蛋。
breath n.[C,U] 气息，呼吸：Let’s go out for a breath of air. 大家到外面去呼吸点新鲜空气吧。/ She opened her mouth and took a deep breath. 她张开嘴深深地吸了一口气。
1. get one’s breath喘过气过：She paused for a few moments to get her breath . 她停了一会儿喘口气。2. out of breath 上气不接下气：I was out of breath after running for the bus. 我由于追赶公共汽车，弄得上气不接下气。
breathe v.呼吸：It is good for the health to breathe deeply. 作深呼吸对身体有益。/ I went out and breathed the fresh air. 我走出户外呼吸新鲜空气。
breathe和breath均可表示“呼吸”，但词性不同，读音也不同。
